The History of Palembang : Once Upon A Time in the Early Century of Palembang.

 


The early days of Palembang is linked to existence of the Srivijaya Kingdom.Based on the opinion I Tsing who came from China and several Sriwijaya inscriptions, namely Kedukan Bukit, Talang Tuo, Kota Kapur, Karang Brahi, and Palas Pasemah, the Srivijaya Kingdom was founded by Dapunta Hyang Jayanasa on Seguntang Hill in 671 AD. Dapunta Hyang, who was known as Sri Jayanasa, then became the first king of Sriwijaya from 671 AD to 728 AD. 
 

The Collapse of the Srivijaya Empire has become the important moment for the rise of a number of  powerful kingdom in the South East Asia.  The Rise of Srivijaya Empire culminated under the reign of Bala Putra dewa. After the death of Raja Balaputra, there was no leader who could control the Srivijaya Kingdom properly.

Economically, the Srivijaya Kingdom was getting weaker because of the reduction in stopover merchant ships. Palembang, as the capital of the Sriwijaya Kingdom, is further away from the sea and not strategic. This occurred due to silt deposition carried by the Musi River which led to the silting process of the riverbed in the Musi River.Also when Palembang city was further away from the sea, it caused the activity of merchant ships to not stop and carry out trade.The fewer merchant ships that stopped, resulted in a decrease in trading and trading activities. Thus, the income of the Sriwijaya Kingdom from ship taxes has also decreased.

The deteriorating economic situation  had a bad impact on the political situation and the defense of this kingdom. So that it caused the Srivijaya Kingdom to decline and its decline was seen slowly.This was what made the Sriwijaya rulers at that time unable to properly control his territory. Thus, many regions separated themselves from the Sriwijaya Kingdom.

The large number of regions that separated themselves from the Srivijaya Kingdom also weakened the military sector, so that this was used by other kingdoms to attack Sriwijaya, and became the cause of the collapse of the Srivijaya Kingdom.

Understanding the weakening military condition of the Sriwijaya Kingdom, many other kingdoms attacked Sriwijaya, one of which was the attack from King Teguh Darmawangsa. In 990 AD, Raja Teguh Darmawangsa attacked the southern part of the Sriwijaya Kingdom.

Not only attacks from Raja Teguh Darmawangsa, the Sriwijaya Kingdom also received attacks from the Colamandala Kingdom. This kingdom, which is located in South India, gradually attacked Srivijaya into the area of the Malacca Peninsula. The attack from the Colamandala Kingdom led by King Rajendracoladewa occurred in 1017 AD.

The Srivijaya Kingdom also received attacks from the Majapahit Kingdom. This attack, which was led by Adityawarman, took place in 1477. This attack made the Srivijaya Kingdom conquer the Majapahit Kingdom. This attack further aggravated the situation of the Srivijaya Kingdom, which at that time was in its decline.

The cause of the subsequent collapse of the Srivijaya Empire was the rapid development of Islam in the archipelago. Islam grew rapidly in the 12th century AD, when the influence of Islam became stronger and more influential in the archipelago.

The number of kingdoms with Islamic patterns made the territory of the Srivijaya Kingdom smaller. The reason is, the Islamic-style kingdoms began to control parts of the Sriwijaya Kingdom. This is one of the culminating causes of the collapse of the Sriwijaya Kingdom.

According to Chinese records, Sriwijaya left power around Palembang, which was then called the Palembang Kingdom.The last news from this kingdom to outsiders was when it sent envoys to China in 1374 and 1375. In fact, the kingdom in Palembang was finally destroyed in 1377 by the attack of the Majapahit Empire and made Palembang a part of Majapahit Empire.

Makam Arya Dillah in Jl. Ariodillah III, Palembang.

The first Adipati of Palembang was Arya Damar. Duke Arya Damar came to power between 1455-1486.When Arya Damar became Duke of Palembang, he had a Muslim preacher named Ali Rahmatullah (Sunan Ampel, source: sumsel.kemenag.go.id). After going through a long discussion, finally Arya Damar converted to become a muslem and he got the new name Arya Dillah (Abdullah). 


Source : YouTube;https://tirto.id/


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